Organizational Characteristics Essay Example for Free

Comments(another one) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Comments(another one) - Essay Example Scaling down is in the genuine importance the joblessness of individuals yet the jobless individual may accept that the organization from which they were terminated didn't have a decision and this was a stage which must be taken. Different instances of newspeak are likewise observed in today’s world. For instance, the spying innovation which meddles the protection of others is advocated by the administration by clarifying this is a significant advance for the security of the individuals however as a general rule this is an infringement into the individual space of others. Doublethink has additionally been accurately clarified with the idea of psychological disharmony set forward by Leon Festinger and it has additionally been reinforced in the paper with the case of mistreatment in the United States. Different instances of doublethink incorporate movement where on one side an individual imagines that workers lessen the open doors for the residents of the nation they relocate to. Then again, there is another point of view on this issue where an individual is compelled to imagine that these settlers leave their country inferable from major issues and they move to another spot just with the desire for a superior future. Subsequently, movement is a remain on which an individual will in general have negating considerations. Along these lines, it is an even paper which effectively characterizes the reason for the ideas of newspeak and doublethink in the novel followed by models which can be seen in today’s world for the two

Essay Topics on Swami Vivekananda

Essay Topics on Swami VivekanandaWriting essays is usually made easy if you plan your topics ahead of time. Once you have decided on the topic for your essay, the assignment or writing becomes much easier. One can opt to write his essay in his mind before he begins writing as the process will help him out in avoiding information overload.A good topic can help one write the essay very efficiently. As one reads a book, an article, listens to a lecture or watches a documentary about some topics, one can come up with various ideas and formulate an essay that would best fit the topic. However, there are certain topics on which one may have conflicting ideas and it is important to keep them all in check when writing his essay.Swami Vivekananda once said, 'A person should never enter a conversation without a question in his heart.' This is so true in essay writing. The first thing to be done in the process of writing a good essay is to first ask yourself questions and only then start writin g. If you lack the ability to write, then do not worry because the professionals know how to avoid this problem and come up with good essays even with little knowledge of writing.When planning essay topics on Swami Vivekananda, one has to remember that the topics must be researched. Finding a good topic can be done through internet searches, reading books, listening to audio books and attending seminars. It is always good to learn something from each seminar that you attend, especially if it involves a lecture by a Swami.A good way to find topics for your essay is to get a list of subjects and read them through to understand the different themes. If you do not have a list of topics to choose from, you can also try to plan the topic first. Choose the subject that you are interested in and then put them in your essay.The next step in choosing essay topics on Swami Vivekananda is to organize the topics in order of importance. This will help you come up with the best topics, because you need to put the most important topics first. For example, the topic 'meeting' will have to come first.After choosing the topic, the next step is to explore the different ways of presenting the topic. The next step would be to choose the method of essay writing that best suits the topic that you have chosen. There are some topics on which people prefer to use different writing styles such as the use of narrative, summary, chapter-ending summary and bullet-point list.The third step is to select the topics on which Swami Vivekananda has said that he himself would like to see a change. To do this, a good source is to look at the writing style of Swami Vivekananda.

Tourism in Turkey Ancient Wonders, Modern Beauty

Ancient Wonders, Modern Beauty Stereotypes abound about Turkey. For many people in the United States and Europe and indeed in much of Asia as well the picture that people have of Turkey is one from the nations past, a collage of souks and dusty women heavily veiled, of children running the streets to pickpocket tourists and steal from street vendors. Of a nation caught forever between the past and the modern, Asia and Europe, democracy and caliphate, Islam and Christianity. These images call up a nation roiling in conflict, one that should most likely be avoided and that, if it cannot be, should be visited with head down, keeping oneself to oneself to avoid street crime as well as images of abject poverty. But the above, of course, has nothing to do with modern Turkey, a place that welcomes visitors not with conflict but with a blend of all of the cultures that have left their mark on the land. Except, of course, that there is some reality about that first image. As much as many Turks might like to think of their nation as a vibrant mà ©lange of at least a dozen different cultures, representatives of many of the worlds great religions and art, food, music, archaeological wonders, there are also political and economic troubles roiling through the nation. Marketing of the country for the purposes of tourism must make it clear to potential international visitors of the wealth that the country has an unimaginable wealth of offerings while also acknowledging that the countryShow MoreRelated7 Wonders of the World - Essay2786 Words   |  12 Pages7 WONDERS OF THE WORLD AIM: Is to apprise the house about 7 Wonders of The World. 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The Collapse Of Bear Stearns - 1580 Words

Jacob Bates The Collapse of Bear Stearns and What Can Be Learned Bear Stearns was started in 1923 by Joseph Bear, Robert Stearns and Harold Mayer and was initially and equity trading firm. It was one of the most respected firms of Wall Street and up until its collapse in March of 2008, had never had a losing quarter in its 85-year history. Bear Stearns had made it through the Great Depression, World War II, and multiple recessions over its long history. Alan Greenberg took over as CEO in 1978 and the culture at Bear Stearns began to change. In 1985, with Greenberg at the helm, Bear Stearns created a holding company called ‘Bear Stearns Company, Inc† and officially became an investment firm. According to fundingverse.com and William Ryback [14, 11], earnings soared and they began setting new company records for earnings. In 1993, James Cayne took over as CEO and steered Bear Stearns through the dot-com boom and the September 11th attacks. Cayne had made Bear a fortune by trading municipal bonds through the 70’s as New York was go ing through a crisis and nearly declared bankruptcy. Under Cayne’s leadership, Bear Stearns stock price rose six-fold and consistently beat earnings estimates. All was going well until around 2006. That brings us to the root cause of the collapse at Bear Stearns. Bear Stearns had begun investing in subprime mortgages through to funds. According to the investment website investopedia [7], a subprime mortgage is basically a mortgage that is given toShow MoreRelatedWilliam David Coh An American Business Writer Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness. (Source: Wikipedia.org) House of Cards describes in particular the complicated series of events that led to the downfall of Bear Sterns in March 2008. Its actual appeal, however, deduces from its complete and careful analysis of the history of the firm since its origination as an upstart brokerage firm in 1923 and a gripping account of the demise of Bear Sterns in 2007. 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Firm and Business Process Performance †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Firm and Business Process Performance. Answer: Introduction: In the context of IT/IS, Woolworths made a big decision in 2014 that involved a $1 billion Mercury 2 project focused on achieving advanced data analytics and merchandising systems to help the firm learn more about the clients and improve the supply chain. The project was a 50% investment in Quantium data firm and acquisition of EziBuy business to gain skills in direct selling and data analysis. Unfortunately, after a new CE was hired, he felt that the existing IT/IS strategy was not lean and needed to be replaced with company-wide solutions that improve internal processes. The firm took drastic decisions that included ditching 500 support posts and writing down millions of assets in the IT sector. Furthermore, 1000 workers will be added to the business from the group office (Coyne, 2016). Previously, Woolworths has been facing major challenges caused by lack of a clear IT/IS strategy. As a result, Grant OBrien, the former CEO, initiated a costly project that had not been assessed thoroughly to determine its value to the firm. Further, the previous management approach was not focused in stores. In other words, the firm lacked store and customer-led culture. The firm took the strategic decision after poor performance and the incoming CEO believed that a restructured operating model was mandatory to make a positive improvement. The firm needed to adopt turnaround measures to achieve more productivity and reduce unnecessary costs (Jacques, 2016). It is critical for the company to examine the impact of the external environment on its profitability and business strategies including the IT/IS one. Woolworths has a low dependency on the many suppliers that deal with the firm, therefore, reducing their supplying power. The system adopted by the firms should help manage suppliers and inventory to ensure that there is a constant supply of commodities. The company serves mostly individual customers who enjoy a strong bargaining power. As such, the firm should focus on strategies that include delivering low priced commodities. Further, the IT/IS strategy should be customer centric and focused on improving way services are offered at the store. On the other hand, the threat of new retailers is insignificant since new entrants require huge capital to set up and to supply quality products similar to the ones sold at Woolworths. The threat of substitutes is relatively high since other competitors offer similar products. According to Preez (2016), competition in the retail market is tough, and Woolworths decided to bring new leadership, cut jobs, and develop consumer-centric strategies. As such, the IT/IS strategy should also focus on this are through creating innovative and competitive approaches to attract more customers and achieve competitive advantage. Finally, the market is affected by the presence of many competitors in the area of operation. Short Term and Long Term Pros and Cons IT Strategic Decisions Investing in sophisticated systems at Woolworths has an effect on the company profits in the short term. For instance, Mercury 2 project involved a 50% investment in the initiative, which led to a decrease in company income. However, in the long term, the system will offer data and insights that Woolworths can use in effective decision making. The role of IT in Woolworths is to provide a reliable supply chain and data analytics that support the online sales channel. However, cutting down the resources committed to IT/IS strategy can lead to a weak competitive advantage in future. Data analytics and supply chain management are critical in understanding and serving the ever-changing consumer behaviors. I do not agree with the decision of Banducci to write down millions in IT IS investment. Currently, technology is a key enabler to support team members and ensure that clients receive a good shopping experience. Instead of cutting down resources, the new management should define the digital and analytics goals that should focus on bringing online offering to clients in real time. Woolworths can become a lean and competitive retailer by identifying the challenges of the previous system and solving them instead of making a complete overhaul. A good example can be borrowed from the success of Amazon online store. The firm is able to offer low priced products, more options, and convenient to clients, causing other competitors with weak IT IS strategies to close. For instance, Aeropostale and JC Penney lacked proper planning that resulted to their poor performance and employee layoffs. Action as the CIO As the CIO of Woolworths, I would create a report and do a presentation that shows the future that can be achieved with Mercury II solution. In the short term, the management might feel that the 50 per cent investment in the strategy is quite high (Coyne, 2016). However, the solution will help cut the cost of transportation of merchandise. Further, big data and supply chain will help understand the market dynamics and consumer behavior. As such, decision-making process in the future will be evidence-based according to data analyzed by the system. If the CEO rejects the idea, I would ensure that I keep track of company performance in comparison with competitors that have adopted better IT/IS strategies and compare on the two firms for future reference. Woolworths should develop an ERP solution with cloud computing capabilities. The systems should be broken into modules for implementation to avoid disruptions of main business operations. For instance, a centralized payroll system can be developed independently before linking the module to a common system after testing. Most importantly, the system should make maximum use of the big data concept. For instance, the solution should capture crucial data on supplier management, inventory control, sales reports, and store reports. The ERP should be designed in a way that is compatible with information collection methods. Wieder et al. (2006) note that extending the ERP system with other solutions for supply chain management has a positive impact on the performance of a company. Slashed down IT projects at Woolworths will affect some parts of the business. For instance, the distribution center, transport department, and inventory system will be affected in the short-term. The firm will face some challenges in maintaining a constant flow of commodities until they establish a reliable strategy for the operations. System Stakeholders and Functional Requirements Some of the stakeholders for the IT system include the customers, suppliers, employees, management, and shareholders. The new system will have various modules, such as consumer relationship management, inventory management, and reporting. The CRM should collect data, analyze it, and allow the firm to predict what and when consumers will buy. The supply chain management system should use advanced analytics and direct selling knowledge to drive the future of shopping. The supply chain module should support the increasing sale channel. The supplier management system should show information about a supplier, order details, delivery method, and stock management at the store. In other words, the system should be designed with an end to end supply management in mind. References Coyne, A. (2016). Woolworths writes down millions in IT assets. IT News. Retrieved from https://www.itnews.com.au/news/woolworths-ditches-500-support-jobs-writes-down-it-assets-431300 Jacques, O. (2016). Woolworths to sack 500 staff, close at least 17 stores. The Queensland Times. Retrieved from https://www.qt.com.au/news/woolworths-sack-hundreds-staff-close-stores/3066787/ Preez, D. (2016). Australias Woolworths stabilizes IT systems after worrisome time. Diginomica. Retrieved from https://diginomica.com/2016/08/29/australias-woolworths-stabilises-it-systems-after-worrisome-time/ Wieder, B., et al. (2006). The impact of ERP systems on firm and business process performance. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 19(1), 13-29.

Women in Asian Literature in The Tale of Kieu by Du Nguyen and the play The love suicide at Amijima

This paper is aimed at examining such works of Asian literature as the epic poem The Tale of Kieu by Du Nguyen and the play The love suicide at Amijima written by Monzaemon Chikamatsu. Both authors explore the experiences of women who cannot take full control of their own lives. In both cases, female protagonists express compassion or kindred feelings toward other women who suffer the misfortunes.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Women in Asian Literature in The Tale of Kieu by Du Nguyen and the play The love suicide at Amijima specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Much attention should be paid to the way in which Kieu and Koharu seek and show empathy for other female characters. This is one of the questions that should be analyzed. Furthermore, one should focus on the way in which two characters perceive the life in the world of prostitution. These are the main aspects that should be discussed more closely. On the whole, this analysis can throw light on the worldviews of the protagonists and their attitude toward other people. The theme of compassion plays an important role in Monzaemon Chikamatsu’s play. In particular, the readers learn that Koharu, who has to become prostitute, receives a letter from her lover’s wife, Kamiya Osan1. One can say that Koharu perceives Osan as her kindred spirit. Moreover, she does not want to ruin her family by letting Jihei commit suicide2. This is one of the details that should be taken into account. The main character understands that this woman also has to cope with significant challenges. For instance, Osan is responsible for the education of children and the management of their business. More importantly, according to the existing cultural tradition, she is obliged to remain obedient to her husband. In addition to that, she accepts her status, and her only concern is the preservation of family. She has no right to express discontent . To a great extent, Koharu expresses kindred feeling toward Osan since both of them can be viewed as powerless victims. This is one of the issues that should be considered by the readers of these texts. Similar attitude is displayed by the main character of Du Nguyen’s epic poem. One can say that Kieu also searchers for a person who can understand her experiences. To a great extent, Kieu is attracted to the spirit of the poetess Dam Tien whose beauty and talent were famous. Nevertheless, Dam Tien died at a very young age. When speaking about Dam Tien, Kieu says, ‘in her, perhaps, I’ve found a kindred heart’3.Advertising Looking for critical writing on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kieu understands that her beauty and intelligence can also be lost irretrievably. One can argue that the main character searches for Dam Tien’s consolation. This is one of the main issues th at can be singled out since it is important for understanding the actions of the protagonist who wants to understand the reasons why she is reduced to the status of a prostitute. This is the question that Kieu desperately wants to answer. Apart from that, it is critical to discuss the way in which the protagonists in these literary works accept and cope with the life in the world of prostitution. It should be kept in mind that Kieu sells herself to a man named Scholar Ma in effort to support her family, in particular her father. So, the main character decided to sacrifice herself. This is one of the main points that can be made. However, he turns out to be the owner of the brothel. Certainly, the main character abhors the very idea of being a prostitute, but she believes that her filial devotion to her family obliges her to accept this fate. This is how the author describes her decision, â€Å"She put aside all woes of love and troth – a child first pays the debts of birth a nd care†4. Moreover, she accepts the fatalistic idea that suffering is an inseparable part of her fate. Moreover, she believes that to some degree, this fate is shared by every women. This is why she says, â€Å"How sorrowful is women’s lot. We all partake of woe, our common lot†5. This statement helps Kieu reconcile with the idea that she lives in the world of prostitution in which she is perceived only as an object by males. Yet, the thought that she can eventually â€Å"redeem† her father gratifies her6. So, the willingness to sacrifice one’s wellbeing for the sake of others is a part of Kieu’s identity. This is one of the main issues that should be taken into consideration. One should also look at the way in which Monzaemon Chikamatsu explores this theme in his play. Koharu is perfectly aware of the fact that she cannot leave the brothel because she lacks money to redeem herself7.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sa mple on Women in Asian Literature in The Tale of Kieu by Du Nguyen and the play The love suicide at Amijima specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, her prostitution can be partly explained by the economic necessity because she needs to support her mother. This motive is critical for explaining the actions of the protagonist. So, one can say that the actions of the protagonist may be driven by the same motive which is economic necessity. Nevertheless, there are important distinctions that should be taken into account. Koharu does not want to accept this destiny. This is why she contemplates the thought of suicide8. In this way, she does not want to admit that she cannot take any control of her life. Koharu does not want to reconcile herself with this form of existence because she cannot see any reason why she should be sentenced to be just the object of other people’s desires. This is one of the main distinctions that should be considered. The differences in the behavior of these characters can be explained by other important factors. Kieu believes that her misfortunes can be imposed by some higher power. In particular, she speaks about such a concept as karma which implies that a person’s suffering can be explained his/her misdeeds in the past life. In contrast, Koharu stresses that the idea that she has only one life and there is no reason for her to suffer. This is the main difference between these women. On the whole, these literary works throw light on the experiences of women who are forced to occupy an underprivileged position in the society. Koharu and Kieu tend to express kindred feeling or empathy to other women who have to suffer the misfortunes that they do not deserve. Both of them have to sell themselves into prostitution because they have to care about people who are dear to them. Yet, there are some differences that should not be disregarded. In particular, Kieu can reconcile hers elf with her fate, while Koharu does not accept the idea that she is doomed to the life in a brothel. This is the main argument that can be put forward.Advertising Looking for critical writing on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bibliography Chikamatsu, Monzaemon. The love suicide at Amijima (ShinjÃ… « Ten no Amijima): A  study of a Japanese domestic tragedy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1953. Nguyen, Du. The Tale of Kieu. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983. Footnotes 1 Monzaemon Chikamatsu, The love suicide at Amijima (ShinjÃ… « Ten no Amijima): A study of a Japanese domestic tragedy (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1953), 75. 2 Chikamatsu, The love suicide at Amijima, 93. 3 Du Nguyen, The Tale of Kieu. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983), 9 4 Nguyen, The Tale of Kieu, 33. 5 Nguyen, The Tale of Kieu, 7. 6 Nguyen, The Tale of Kieu, 33. 7 Chikamatsu, The love suicide at Amijima, 71. 8 Chikamatsu, The love suicide at Amijima, 71. This critical writing on Women in Asian Literature in The Tale of Kieu by Du Nguyen and the play The love suicide at Amijima was written and submitted by user Tristen F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Top 10 Confused Words in English [S]

Top 10 Confused Words in English [S] Top 10 Confused Words in English [S] Top 10 Confused Words in English [S] By Maeve Maddox My cumulative list of â€Å"words commonly confused† continues with ten that begin with the letter S. The confusion relates to spelling or meaning. 1. sight / site Both words function as nouns and verbs. As a noun, sight is a thing seen. Ex. The Pont du Garde is an astounding sight. As a verb, sight means â€Å"catch sight of something or to take aim.† Ex. The lookout sighted land at dawn. Ex. The  surveyor sighted the  compass. Site is from Latin situs: place, position. The principal meaning for web users is probably â€Å"a web address.† Ex. Daily Writing Tips is one of my favorite sites. The context in which site is frequently confused with sight regards physical location. Examples of correct usage: A small  Iron Age settlement  was found during excavations at  the site of  a new housing development near Swindon. Redness, soreness,  swelling, or itching may develop at  the site of  the injection. 2. stationary / stationery Stationary is an adjective meaning fixed or unmoving. Ex. All of his traffic violations involved stationary vehicles. Stationery is a noun meaning writing and office materials, especially writing paper and envelopes. Ex. She’s old-fashioned enough to write letters by longhand on monogrammed stationery. Tip: An easy way to remember which is which is to be aware of the er in stationery. It matches the -er at the end of paper. 3. storey / story This distinction concerns British speakers, although some older Americans were taught to observe the difference between storey, â€Å"the level of a building,† and story, â€Å"a tale.† Younger generations of Americans are accustomed to using story for both meanings. Examples: I  live in  a one bedroom  second-storey walkup  in Chelsea. Children derive comfort as well as vocabulary from a daily bedtime story. The plural of storey is storeys. The plural of story is stories. 4. sometime / sometimes / some time Sometime is an adverb that means an indefinite, unstated time in the future. Ex. I’ll clean the garage sometime. Sometimes is an adverb that means â€Å"continually, off and on, occasionally.† Ex. Sometimes she reads in the evening instead of watching television. Some time is a phrase that refers to a period of time. Ex. My web design took some time to complete, but was worth the wait. 5. shear / sheer Both words function as different parts of speech with numerous meanings. The confusion is that of misspelling sheer as shear when the meaning of sheer is â€Å"thin, fine, diaphanous.† INCORRECT: She bought some shear curtains for the living room. CORRECT: She bought some sheer curtains for the living room. Shear is a verb meaning â€Å"to cut† or â€Å"remove wool by cutting.† Ex. We watched the men shear the sheep. 6. set / sit As a verb, set means, â€Å"to place.† Ex. Please set the hot dish on a pad. The verb sit means, â€Å"to be or remain in that posture in which the weight of the body rests upon the posteriors; to be seated. Ex. Are you going to sit at that computer all day? 7. sale / sell Sale is a noun meaning â€Å"the act of selling.† Ex. He regretted the sale of his old Encyclopedia Britannica. Sell is a verb meaning â€Å"to transfer ownership of something for a price.† Ex. When are you going to sell your golf clubs? Sell functions as a noun in the expression â€Å"hard sell.† Ex. Jones has mastered the art of the hard sell: he can bully a customer into buying anything. The error with these words is to use sell in place of sale, as in this example from a site about garage sales: INCORRECT: I had a  garage sell  and I only made 5 dollars! . CORRECT: I had a  garage sale and I only made 5 dollars! . 8. straight / strait Both straight and strait function as more than one part of speech. The error with this pair is one of spelling. In all its uses, strait conveys the ideas of â€Å"tight,† â€Å"tightly fitting,† and â€Å"narrow,† whereas straight connotes the idea of â€Å"not crooked.† Here are some examples of both strait and straight: What the British call a â€Å"strait waistcoat,† the Americans refer to as a â€Å"strait jacket†: a garment for the upper part of the body, made of strong material and admitting of being tightly laced, used for the restraint of violent lunatics or prisoners. One meaning of strait as a noun is â€Å"a comparatively narrow water-way or passage connecting two large bodies of water, like the Strait of Gibraltar. A straight line is the shortest distance between two points. The old soldier stood straight and tall as he saluted the flag. 9. statue / statute A statue is â€Å"a representation in the round of a person, animal, etc., which is sculptured, molded, or cast in marble, metal, plaster, or a similar material. Ex. One of the most famous statues in the world is the David of Michelangelo. Generally speaking, a statute is a law. Ex. The perpetrator was identified just before the statute of limitations ran out. The usual error with this pair is to write statue for statute, as in this comment on a legal site: INCORRECT: My husband was sentenced to prison on a 20 year old burglary charge in California? Can they do this? Is there no statue of limitations on this type of crime? CORRECT: My husband was sentenced to prison on a 20 year old burglary charge in California? Can they do this? Is there no statute of limitations on this type of crime? 10. sensuous / sensual Both adjectives relate to the senses and are often used interchangeably. Sensuous, however, contrasts with the adjectives spiritual and intellectual. Although often equated with sexuality, sensuous can describe anything that appeals to the bodily senses, producing an agreeable effect conducive to physical comfort or contentment. For example, the touch of a cat’s fur, the aroma of bread baking, the warmth from a cozy fire, etc. are sensuous in nature. Sensual, on the other hand, implies a certain indulgence of appetite, a gratification or titillation of the senses that goes beyond what might be considered acceptable, at least in public. Ex. Madonna and Led Zeppelin Make a Startling, Sensual Pairing in â€Å"Justify a Whole Lotta Love.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Inquire vs EnquireHomogeneous vs. HeterogeneousOne Scissor?

A Critical Look at Death of a Salesman

A Critical Look at 'Death of a Salesman' Have you ever loved a rock band that had lots of great songs you cherished? But then the band’s hit single, the one everyone knows by heart, the one that gets all the airtime on the radio, isn’t a song you particularly admire? That’s the way I feel about Arthur Millers   Death of a Salesman. It’s his most famous play, yet I think it pales in comparison to many of his less popular dramas. Although it’s by no means a bad play, it certainly is overrated. Wheres the Suspense? Well, you have to admit, the title does give everything away. The other day, while I was reading Arthur Miller’s esteemed tragedy, my nine-year-old daughter asked me, â€Å"What are you reading?† I replied, Death of a Salesman, and then at her request I read a few pages to her. She stopped me and announced, â€Å"Daddy, this is the world’s most boring mystery.† I got a good chuckle out of that. Of course, it’s a drama, not a mystery. However, the  suspense is a vital component of tragedy. Sure, when we watch a tragedy, we fully anticipate death, destruction, and sadness by the play’s end. But how will the death occur? What will bring about the destruction of the protagonist? When I watched Macbeth for the first time, I guessed that it would conclude with Macbeth’s demise. But I had no idea as to what would be his undoing. After all, he and Lady Macbeth thought they’d never be â€Å"vanquished until Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane Hill shall come against him.†Ã‚   How the heck is a forest going to turn against them?! Therein lies the suspense because, sure enough, the forest comes marching right up to their castle! The main character in  Death of a Salesman, Willy Loman, is an open book. We learn very early on in the play that his professional life is a failure. He’s the low-man on the totem pole, hence his last name, â€Å"Loman.† (Very clever, Mr. Miller!) Within the first fifteen minutes of the play, the audience learns that Willy is no longer capable of being a traveling salesman. We also learn that he is suicidal. Spoiler! Willy Loman kills himself at the end of the play. But well before the conclusion, it becomes clear that the protagonist is bent upon self-destruction. His decision to kill himself for the $20,000 insurance money comes as no surprise; the event is blatantly foreshadowed throughout much of the dialogue. The Loman Brothers I have a hard time believing in Willy Loman’s two sons. Happy: He is the perennially ignored son. He has a steady job and keeps promising his parents that he’s going to settle down and get married. But in reality, he’s never going far in business and plans to sleep around with as many floozies as possible. Biff: He’s more likable than Happy. He has been toiling on farms and ranches, working with his hands. Whenever he returns home for a visit, he and his father argue. Willy Loman wants him to make it big somehow. Yet, Biff can’t hold down a 9-to-5 job to save his life. Both brothers are in their mid-thirties. Yet, they act as though they are still boys. The play is set in the productive years following World War II. Did the athletic Lowman brothers fight in the war? It doesn’t seem like it. If they had, perhaps they would be completely different people. They don’t seem to have experienced much during the seventeen years since their high school days. Biff has been moping. Happy has been philandering. Well-developed characters possess more complexity. By leaps and bounds, the father is the best part of Arthur Miller’s play. Unlike many of the show’s flat characters, Willy Loman has depth. His past is a complicated tangle of regrets and undying hopes. Great actors such as Lee J. Cobb and Brian Dennehy have mesmerized audiences with their portrayals of this iconic salesman. Yes, the role is filled with powerful moments. But is Willy Loman truly a tragic figure? Willy Loman: Tragic Hero? Traditionally, tragic characters (such as Oedipus or Hamlet) were noble and heroic. They possessed a tragic flaw, usually a bad case of hubris. (Note: Hubris means excessive pride. Use the word hubris at cocktail parties and people will think you’re ever-so-smart! But dont let it go to your head!). In contrast, Willy Loman represents the common man. Arthur Miller felt that tragedy could be found in the life of ordinary people. While I certainly agree, I also believe that tragedy works best when the main character’s choices become whittled away, much like a masterful yet imperfect chess player who suddenly realizes he is out of moves. Willy Loman has options. He has a lot of opportunities. Arthur Miller seems to be criticizing the American Dream, claiming that Corporate America drains the life out of people and casts them away when they are no further use. Yet, Willy Loman’s successful neighbor continually offers him a job! Willy Loman declines the job without ever explaining why. He has a chance to pursue a new life, but he wont let himself give up his old, soured dreams. Instead of taking the decent paying job, he chooses suicide. At the play’s end, his loyal wife sits at his grave. She does not understand why Willy took his own life. Arthur Miller would claim that the dysfunctional values of American society killed him. However, I believe that Willy Loman suffered from senility. He exhibits many of the symptoms of Alzheimer’s. Why couldn’t his sons and his ever-attentive wife recognize his failing mental condition? It’s a mystery to me.

Civilians On The Battlefield Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Civilians On The Battlefield - Essay Example The growing dependence on contractors in today's nonlinear battlefield, combined with its explicit inclusion stated in the current military strategy, provides the need to critically examine the subject of contractors on the battlefield. There are many challenges with civilians on the battlefield; however, increased use of civilians has changed the face of combat for the military because Global War on Terror (GWOT) has advocated an increasing number of civilians on the nonlinear battlefield. The growing dependence on contractors in today's nonlinear battlefield, combined with its explicit inclusion stated in the current military strategy, provides the need to critically examine the subject of contractors on the battlefield. To bind this complex area of study, this paper will briefly discuss the background of contractor support to the military and review the current policies and doctrine involving logistical services provided by contractors in combat operations, specifically focused on the United States Army. The use of contractors for operational support is an acceptable risk for the combatant commander as the contractors are generally achieving their mission. Current force structure requires the use of contractors for contingency operations and there are many considerations to ensure the combatant commander is properly supported Civilians have participated in military operations from t... During the Revolutionary War civilians were called "Camp Followers" as they followed the Army from camp to camp. They were most often wives and children of the soldiers and they functioned as cooks, nurses, and mended clothes. Some were even paid for their services. (Van Cortland House Museum) Prior to Operation Desert Shield/Storm policies and procedures that governed civilian personnel during combat operations were ambivalent or nonexistent. Civilian contractors were used extensively during the Vietnam War. "The heavy use of contractors during that War led the Army to determine that a need existed for a preplanned method for utilizing Contractors on the Battlefield" (GlobalSecurity.org, 1). Policies and procedures codified in directives and regulations following Desert Shield/Storm were a vast improvement over previous documents. During this war there were many contracts awarded for logistics support. This resulted in uneven results. The need for a regulated system to award contracts was evident. Current policies and procedures provide clarity and direction. Issues exist with compensation, Emergency-Essential (E-E) position designation, and accountability. Given that the Army is operating in an asymmetric environment, policies and Procedures that govern E-E civilians must change to meet the new environment. II. Civilian contractors are an asset and combat multipliers. Civilian contractors are assets to combat commanders especially when it comes to logistics. LTG Walker (Commander, 8th US Army, Korean War) said it nicely: ""There is no one but yourself to keep your back door open. You can live without food, but you cannot last long without ammunition." Logistics are vital to war fighting. Civilian contracted logistics

Operations Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Operations Strategy - Essay Example For instance, it is not only enough to focus the whole energy of an organization on production activities, but considering that there are existing processes in the business world as it continuously evolves, other aspects need to be substantially focused and even strategic actions have to be implemented. History The existence of business itself paves way to the formulation of operations strategy. Businesses ended up to the creation of business strategies. These led to the formulation of effective operations strategies (Waters, 1999). Businesses have to function efficiently and this is the reason why strategies are necessary to be integrated with the whole business operation. In fact, this is evident on how the United States’ business evolved over time. The evolution of business policy and management started between 1930 and 1960 as highly influenced by American dominance in the global market (Amatori & Jones, 2003). It is during this period that business was considered as an is olated American subdiscipline. During this time, the United States has become one of the leading countries that introduced business sophistication into the world. This resulted to significant innovation and major changes how the business including its operations was conducted. Throughout history, businesses evolved and primarily this is sped up by the onset of globalization in the modern business world. In globalization, there is increasing interdependence between national systems through different aspects including trade, military alliance, domination and cultural imperialism (Waters, 2001). It is not surprising therefore that the business world has significant changes over time due to the fact that interdependence between nations existed. This includes maximization of resources and operation. This is the very reason why business has become international and has turned into a good opportunity for international organizations to maximize their operations and resources. As the effect, each organization that tries to compete with each other is trying to create competitive strategies for their competitive advantage (Porter, 1990). For instance, marketing strategies existed and companies are after of stimulating needs not just relying purely on production oriented operation approach (Boone & Kurtz, 2006; Kotler et al., 1999). In short, the need for operations strategy is necessary in order to compete. The need for innovation is not just on producing new service or product offerings, but there is substantial consideration on business operation approach in which strategies are become its integral parts in the process. In other words, as business itself evolved, its corresponding operation which has been an integral part in its existence has also become so involved with business strategic formulation. This is in line with the creation of competitive advantage due to spiraling growth of competition everywhere most especially that the world has become so compressed when it comes to interdependence in trade. Thus, every organization is expected to formulate their very own operation strategies in order to sustain their ventures and even maximize their full advantage in their respective industries. Relevance It is important to understand that the relevance of operations strategy at present can be traced back to how business has substantially evolved. Operations element of a business

Presidential Campaign of 2004 :: essays research papers

Each presidential election overview has always been similar to a three-ring circus, but in the 2000 Election with Al Gore and George W. Bush, was by far one of the biggest circuses ever. Democrats had reason to worry about the election. Republicans held the White House for three consecutive terms from 1980 to 1992, voters often grow tired of one party after two terms. They were hoping to win control, yet there was a lot at stake with the election at the time. And even though it came to be a quite chaotic election, it was by far the closest election ever in history. The main problem was that the results were so close in Florida that it became indefinite who the winner was. It took over a month to finally attain the results. Ultimately it was not the citizens whose votes counted, but the vote of the Supreme Court for the election case. Al Gore had a good start to begin with, having high marks on his ability to handle key issues, including Democratic stands on such as health care, education and Social Security. But Gore changed all that on the last day of the Democrats' Los Angeles national convention. Whether it was the highly publicized kiss he gave his wife or not, Gore changed the public's view of him. No longer was he a just a stiff politician. Instead, he was a passionate, loving father and husband who lacked many of Clinton's weaknesses. And Gore jumped a few points ahead of Bush. The Monica Lewinsky scandal Clinton had did not necessarily give him a bad reputation. On the contrary, people continued to cast their support for the president since the public thought he had done so much for our nation. Yet in the 2000 Election Gore seemed to go in the completely opposite direction of Clinton, or at least try to avoid his name in his speeches at first. Yet Gore's luck did not change when he left California. Bush seemed to have difficulties when asked about his tax cut plan and about his statement that the U.S. military was not fully ready. While Gore looked relaxed and energetic, Bush made mistakes in front of the camera. Polls suggested that Gore was far ahead of Bush by at least a few points. Republicans became much less optimistic about Bush, while things were looking very promising for the Democrats. Gore’s campaign was focused on issues that were mostly concerned by women, such as health care and education. "We're for the people. Big tobacco, big oil, the

Anatomy And Biomechanics Of Thumb Health And Social Care Essay

In rugger, the rate of hurt is three times higher than association football and football. More figure of hurts faced by the young person of aged 10-18 old ages. 90 % of the hurts to male childs, grownups of age 25-34 old ages besides are at high hazard. The hurts normally occur during lucifer than preparation, 40 % of hurts are muscular strain and bruise and 30 % of hurts are strain developed by break, over usage, laceration and disruption. About 57 % of hurts occur during high pacing of the lucifer, frequently in 2nd half of the lucifer. Frequent hurts will be in upper limb particularly in pollex. Thumb will wound often while undertaking and go throughing the ball. Players who are in decompression sicknesss and sledges will acquire hurts in pollex with laceration and scratch from cleats ( Facts on Rugby hurts, 2009 ) . Thumb plays a major function in human organic structure. It initiates 50 % of manus map as a whole. The pollex is alone from other fingers in both anatomically every bit good as bio-mechanically. ( Ashkenaze, et Al, 1992 ) Anatomically, thumb consists of a metacarpal and two phalanges ; in the distal row of carpal castanetss, trapezium with this bone. ( Donald, 2008 ) . The thumb gives opposition to the other fingers and thenar whilst making grasping and preciseness. Thumb is working like a mechanical constituent dynamic ligament and strong musculuss ( Imaeda.T, et Al, 1992 ) . â€Å" The trapeziometacarpal articulation is potentially the most unstable but has adapted to its alone place by particular joint geometry and, in peculiar, a combination of support ligaments that permit a broad scope of gesture yet stableness † ( Imaeda.T, et Al, 1992, The metacarpophalangeal articulation has six-degree freedom of motion, extension and flexin, adduction and abduction, supination and pronation. The scope of motion in thumb metacarpophalangeal articulation is non standard for everyone, the fluctuation is depends on the radius of curvature of the metacarpal caput. Incidence of hurt additions, when there is a restriction in scope of gesture within the articulations. The intrinsic stableness is minimum in metacarpophalangeal articulation ; proper and accessary indirect ligament renders the sidelong support. The beginning of proper indirect ligament is from the sidelong condyles of metacarpal, which lies sidelong and infix on the palmar facet of proximal phalanx. This ligament is tight during flexure and relaxes during extension. The accessary collateral originates from cervix of metacarpal and inserted into the palmar home base and sesamoid bone. This ligament is tight during extension and relaxes during flexure ( Donald, 2008 ) .Carpometacarpal articulationThe articulation of carpometacarpal articulation is between trapezium and base of metacarpal. It is saddle assortment of articulation, which interlocked in return with perpendicular longitudinal axis ( Donald, 2008 ) . Abduction and adduction, this motion occurs in the concave plane of carpometacarpal articulation. The metacarpal axial rotations and semivowels in opposite way during abduction and adduction of carpometacarpal articulation ( perpendicular to handle ) . Flexure and extension, this motion occurs in bulging plane of carpometacarpal articulation. The metacarpal axial rotations and semivowels in same way during flexure and extension of carpometacarpal articulation. ( Norkin, et Al, 1992 ) The anterior volar and posterior oblique ligament, the front tooth and posterior intermetacarpal ligament and dorsal radial ligament provide the ligamentous stableness for trapeziometacarpal articulation. The beginning of anterior ( palmar ) oblique is from trapezium and inserted into palmar portion of the pollex metacarpal. This is the premier ligament for stableness of carpometacarpal articulation. The dorsal ligament is reenforcing by anterior posterior ligament because dorsal ligament is non effectual as palmar ligament ( Donald, 2008 ) .Common INJURIES IN THUMB FOR RUGBY PLAYERSThumb Metacarpal Fracture:Metacarpal caput of thumb break is uncommon, indirect to mobility of CMC articulation of pollex. Mechanism of hurt is direct injury. Shaft break of pollex metacarpal is besides uncommon, indirect to mobility of CMC articulation, due to the presence of strong cortical bone of pollex. High energy is required to fall in the shaft of pollex metacarpal than shaft of metacarpal of othe r finger. Shortening and mal rotary motion leads to fracture of this bone, which happens due to slackness of intermetacarpal ligament and due to altered force of the intrinsic musculuss. Fracture base of pollex metacarpal is common in rugger. Mechanism of hurt is due to the axial burden on partly flexed shaft of metacarpal. The mobility of the CMC is important, minor to the anatomy of trapezium and base of metacarpal. Two sorts of saddle articulations are topographic point in propinquity whose axis is perpendicular to each other ( Donald.R.L, 2008 ) . ‘Ligamentous stableness at the trapeziometacarpal articulation is maintained by the front tooth ( palmar ) and posterior oblique ligaments, anterior and posterior intermetacarpal ligaments, and the dorsal radial ligament ‘ ( Donald, 2008, p-5 ) . Fracture of metacarpal base differentiated into intra articular and excess articular. The intra is articular divided into Bennett ‘s break and Rolando ‘s break. Fractures in excess articular portion of metacarpal base are common. The breaks most likely occur in oblique or in cross manner, which takes topographic point proximal to metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction. Due to the drawing force of adductor pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis and kidnapper pollicis brevis ; the distal fragment adducted and flexed ( Donald.R.L, 2008 ) .Bennett ‘s FractureFracture disruption of first metacarpal with subluxation and carpo metacarpal articular surface break. This break disruption is common in rugger participants. Bennett ‘s break is an intra articular break with subluxation, the subluxation is due to the withdrawal of deep ulnar ligament which is the strong stabilizer for carpo metacarpal articulation. During break, the break segments reposition the joint surface. This in bend causes disruption hence it known as break disruption. The mechanism of hurt is direct blow on partly flexed pollex whilst the participant tries to undertake an opposition. Failure to handle can take to disablement through hold in pinching, bitching and resistance motion of pollex. ( Priano SV, Baratz ME, 2008 )Rolando ‘s Fracture:It is same as Bennett ‘s break with comminuted break at the base of first metacarpal. It is besides called three portion break. There will be in Y or T shaped intra articular break at base of metacarpal. The three shred break parts are base of dorsal metacarpal, bovine spongiform encephalitis of palmar metacarpal and shaft of metacarpal. This break is non common but the forecast is worst than Bennett ‘s break. Mechanism of hurt is increased axial tenseness to the partly flexed pollex, which burst and interrupt the articular surface of first metacarpal. ( Priano, Baratz, 2008 )Fracture of thumb phalanges:The pollex has two phalanges ; distal and proximal phalanx. The most common site of break in pollex phalanges is shaft and caput. The break of distal phalanx divided into intra articular and excess articular break. The excess articular bunch break, normally accompanied with soft tissue hurts like loss of soft tissue, hurt to nail bed and posttraumatic neuromas. Mechanism of hurt is due to direct blow or direct hit. Intra articular break is due to avulsion hurt of the sinew. There are two types of intra articular breaks viz. , mallet break and New Jersey break. Avulsion of extensor sinew is mallet break and flexor digitorum profundus is jersey break. Proximal phalanx breaks are common in phalangeal caput and shaft. ( Laub, Priano, 2008 ) .Ulnar indirect hurtThe ulnar indirect ligament of metacarpophalangeal articulation injured due to the forceful abduction of metacarpophalangeal articulation. There will be partial or full tear of the ligament associated with avulsion break of palmar base of proximal phalanx. ( Le ggit, Meko 2006 ) . In uncomplete rupture, proper ulnar collateral ligament ruptures but the accessary ulnar collateral ligament still integral. In complete rupture, there will be complete rupture of both the proper collateral ligament and accessary indirect ligament. The ulnar indirect ligament normally ruptures from the interpolation of the distal portion, over the proximal phalanx base ( Donald, 2008 ) . When, the distal portion lies superficial and proximal to adductor apponeurosis. This fluctuation called as a Stener lesion. The discrepancy does non mend due to the interjection of the adductor aponeurosis between distal and proximal ligament terminals ( Donald, 2008 ) . ‘Gamekeepers suffered chronic hurt due to contorting the cervixs of game between their pollex and index finger ‘ ( Foye, et al 2007 ) . Hence, it besides called game warden ‘s pollex. It is besides common in athleticss people who play with ball ( rugger, baseball ) . Presence of swelling and contusing on the joint with the thumb hyper extended and deviated laterally. Painful over the ulnar portion of MCP articulation associated with decreased ability of appreciation and pinching ( Foye PM, Raanan J, Stitik TP, 2007 ) . After the exclusion of break, estimate the ligament stabilisation by giving antagonistic force per unit area to one side and using abduction force per unit area to the other side of UCL. Evaluate with uninjured manus ( Donald, 2008 ) .Mallet pollexAvulsion of the extensor sinew causes the pollex to be fixed in partial flexure with the presence of cadaverous fragment. This avulsion occurs due to the high impact flexure of the interphalangeal articulati on. Tendon break will be present in unfastened mallet pollex caused by laceration ( Leggit, Meko, 2006 ) . Closed mallet thumb hurt is non common. The mechanism of closed mallet hurt is indirect to an acute forceful flexure of IP articulation of the pollex ( Donald, 2008 ) .Dislocation of interphalangeal articulation of pollexThe primary motion of interphalangeal articulation is flexure and extension, because interphalangeal joint maps as flexible joint articulation. Interphalangeal joint stableness to ulnar and radial force maintained by collateral and accessary indirect ligament associated with the trochlear form of the joint. A thick hempen gristle known as palmar home base supports the palmar facet of the joint. The palmar home base at interphalangeal articulation has a individual sesamoid in it ; which increase the mechanical advantage of flexor pollicis longus. Freedom in flexure and extension of interphalageal articulation is render by a flexible capsule present dorsally and volarly. The disruption of interphalangeal is uncommon. It occurs largely in dorsal. The mechanism of hurt is hyperextension with rotary motion ( Glickel et al, 2005 ) . The disruption is hard to cut down due to the ruptured palmar home base caparison ( Leggit, Meko, 2006 ) .Dislocation of Metacarpal phalange articulation of pollexPalmar disruption is less common than dorsal disruption. Palmar disruption normally accompanied by the rupture of indirect ligament with hurt to sesamoid bone. The ability to cut down is more palmar than dorsal disruption. The mechanism of hurt in dorsal disruption is hyperextension of metacarpophalangeal articulation, secondary to the autumn on stretched manus over the floor or direct impact over the thumb tip. In the disruption to the dorsal, normally there will be rupturing of palmar home base at proximal and motion at distal. The disruption is irreducible due interjection of palmar home base within the joint ( Glickel et al, 2005 ) .MECHANISM OF THUMB INJURY IN RUGBYTo develop preventative programs, it is of import to hold a good apprehension of the mechanism of hurt ( Gibbs, 1994 ) . The considerable scope of organic structure contact and hit between the participants were the ground behind the hurts in rugger ( Pringle, et Al, 1998 ) . Most of the hurts occur due to physical hit ; hence, bar of hurts is non possible to certain grade. The chief mechanism of most hurts is due to undertaking, which is the of import portion of rugger lucifer. Researches had done to the per centum of hurts in undertaking ; the per centum scope from 38.2 % ( Gabbett, 2003 ) and 77.2 % ( Nortan, et Al, 1995 ) . ‘Results are assorted sing the facet of the tackle doing hurt, with some writers happening more hurts happening to the participant tackled and others to the participant being tackled ‘ ( Hoskins, et Al, 2006, p 49 ) . The playing season have been affected by weariness hurts and repeated micro-trauma, which has an accumulative consequence. The certification of increasing hurt ratio states that as the patterned advance of season, the hurt degree additions, largely in the 2nd half of the season at non-professional ( Gabbett, 2000 ) and semi-professional degree ( Gabbett, 2003 and 04 ) . ‘Gabbett put this correlativity down to an addition in match strength towards finals. It could besides be the consequence or participants transporting hurts that have non to the full resolved ‘ ( Hoskins, et Al, 2006, p 52 ) In thumb most of the hurts occur during the lucifer than in preparation period. Thumb break may happen due to the forceful backward bending. Fracture of phalanges of pollex may happen when pluging a solid object or catching a ball, when the ball forces the thumb backward. During undertaking the opposition participant may nail the pollex by chance. There may be complete or partial tear of the ligaments that stabilizes the pollex articulation ( The doctor and athleticss medical specialty, 1997 ) .TREATMENT FOR THUMB INJURIESSoft TISSUE INJURIESIn soft tissue hurts, immobilisation of thumb articulation is appropriate for partial tear. Splints and patchs used for the immobilisation of the joint. Immobilizations maintained until the hurt heals. After three hebdomads of immobilisation, take the splints for making exercisings like flexure and extension with the aid of pollex. Set back the splints after the exercising, for the protection. Repeat this undertaking for two to three hebdomads, u ntil the swelling and tenderness reduces to certain scope. Apply ice over the hurt for two to three yearss after the hurt. In complete tear, surgery is the appropriate intervention. Avulsion break may happen during complete tear. After surgery, immobilisation done with short-arm dramatis personae or splint to protect the pollex, for six to eight hebdomads ( Sports scientific discipline orthopedic clinic, 2009 ) .Rehabilitation for soft tissue hurt of pollexProper rehabilitation is highly of import for soft tissue hurt. Because for a rugger participant, the one and merely focal point is acquiring back to full strength every bit shortly as possible ; So that they can return to developing and competition. Rest – Rest is most of import in the acute stage of hurt. Do non put to death an activity that causes hurting. Ice – Application of ice or cold battalion will cut down the redness. Apply over the pollex for 15 to 20 proceedingss ; go on this for 4 times a twenty-four hours. Medication – Take anodynes to cut down hurting and redness. Compression- Compressing the pollex with elastic compaction patch helps in cut downing the puffiness and stabilizes the pollex. Stretching – Gentle stretching should get down after the acute stage. Perform stretching in hurting free scope. Keep the stretch for 10 seconds with six repeats ( Sports scientific discipline orthopedic clinic, 2009 ) .FRACTURES OF THUMBPre infirmary attentionApplication of ice to the injured portion will cut down redness. Splinting may avoid motions whilst going to infirmary. The break will go unstable and hard to handle if there is hold in intervention. Prior to the definite intervention the pollex should splinted with tablet to avoid farther harm to the fractured bone.Emergency section attentionThumb breaks are intervened by surgeries. The specializers like manus or orthopedic sawbones make the determination for surgery. The boney alliance will restored by several operative arrested development techniques done by the manus sawbones. This arrested development holds the bone in topographic point until they heal. The internal arrested developments usually used for thumb break are wire, pins, home bases and prison guards. Another method called external arrested development, where the pins in the bone comes out of the tegument and attached to an external arrested development device. The pollex would immobilise with pollex Spica splint for all hurts in pollex ( American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and American Society for Surgery of the Hand, 2003 ) . Well-molded functional brace ( glove type or short arm pollex Spica ) have applied for 4 to 6 hebdomads ( Demirel, 2006 ) .Rehabilitation for thumb breakOutpatient therapy is required for the participants who have sustained break. Duration of intervention depends upon the location, type of break and continuance of immobilisation. The rehabilitation must be furnished depends upon the stableness of the break and direction of the break, whether it is operative or non-operative. The grade of disablement will be act uponing by the forbearance ‘s manus laterality and involved appendage. Restoring full scope of gesture and independency in day-to-day activities with strength will be the premier focal point of rehabilitation ( Hriticko, 1998 ) . To diminish the hurting and restore map is the primary end of rehabilitation. Ice therapy and cold battalions may be utile in cut downing the hurting. If the dominant pollex had been involved, particular attention would given to reconstruct the map of uninvolved fingers. After the remotion of plaster dramatis personae, the healer will get down scope of gesture exercising and strengthening exercising for the fractured pollex. A particular attending should give to intrinsic and extrinsic musculuss of manus ( Feehan, 2004 ) . Full scope of gesture should stress on the injured pollex. Progression in exercising should accomplish after the full map attained ( Krop, 2002 ) .REHABILITATION EXERCISE FOR THUMBThe recovery and possibilities of re-injury is depends upon the restitution and increasing original scope of gesture of the injured pollex articulation. In rugger and in other athleticss and many athleticss activities expose the pollex to injury. Re-injury is uncommon if one time the pollex was injured. This exercising is utile to forestall the hurts in both the pollex ( Sports scientific discipline orthopaedic clinic, 2009 ) . Thumb Extension This exercising would execute in sitting place on chair. The cubitus of the injured side placed over the thigh of the same side. Flex the cubitus at right-angled and fingers are extended. The index of opposite manus should hold on the injured pollex. Draw back the injured pollex gently. The motion would be in pain free scope, halt the motion if hurting exists. Maintain the stretch for 10 seconds and give remainder for 10 seconds. Repeat this exercising for five proceedingss, thrice a twenty-four hours. Notice the patterned advance in scope of motion in each twenty-four hours, the injured pollex draws back a spot farther ( Sports scientific discipline orthopedic clinic, 2009 ) . Thumb Flexion This exercising would execute in sitting place on chair. The cubitus of the injured side placed over the thigh of the same side. Flex the cubitus at right-angled and fingers are extended. Flex the injured pollex inward, touch the base of small finger of the same manus with the tip of the injured pollex. Make this activity in hurting free scope. Keep the place for 10 seconds and loosen up it for 5 seconds. Repeat this activity for 10 times for thrice a twenty-four hours. Progressions in the scope of motion would noticeable in each twenty-four hours. The pollex of injured pollex will touch the base of small finger of the same side ( Sports scientific discipline orthopaedic clinic, 2009 ) . Hand Grasp This exercising would execute in sitting place on chair. The cubitus of the injured side placed over the thigh of the same side. The cubitus is flexed right-angled hold oning ball in the manus. Keep the ball in thenar of the manus and attempt to squash it with the aid of pollex and fingers. Maintain the squeeze for 10 seconds and loosen up the pollex for 5 seconds. Repeat the sequence for 10 times, thrice a twenty-four hours ( Sports scientific discipline orthopaedic clinic, 2009 ) . Alternate Exercises When the rehabilitation exercisings are contraindicated n ague phase, this alternate exercisings may be used. This alternate exercisings, does non necessitate any motion in the injured pollex, which aggravates the hurting in the injured pollex. The alternate exercisings are swimming, jogging, stationary bike ( Sports scientific discipline orthopaedic clinic, 2009 ) .Prevention OF THUMB INJURIES IN RUGBYThumb hurts in rugger are hard to forestall due to the contact and aggressive manner of the athletics. Many hurts are acute and traumatic in nature. The lone manner to forestall thumb hurts by guaranting correct warm up, cool down, beef uping and flexibleness plans ( Sports hurt clinic, 2009 ) . Warm up exercisings Warm up plays a major function in the bar of hurts. Warm will besides assist in bettering the public presentation in the athleticss. The advantages of warming up are: Additions musculus temperature. Additions blood supply and O supply to the musculuss. Increases the scope of motions in the articulation of pollex, therefore cut down the hazard of musculus and ligament tear ( Sports hurt clinic, 2009 ) . Warm up should incorporate: There should be increase in pulse scope for 10 proceedingss to increase the blood and O supply to the musculuss. This can accomplish by making active and inactive motions of the pollex. The motions like flexure, extension and abduction, adduction and rotary motion of the pollex articulation have to execute. Proper stretching technique ensures increase in the scope of motion in the pollex articulation ( Sports hurt clinic, 2009 ) . Cool down exercisings Cool down is resting or puting down. It can assist in cut downing the hazard of hurt and increase the public presentation. The advantage of chilling down is: Decrease the bosom rate bit by bit. Restore the blood supply and O supply to the musculuss to the phase were in before exercising. Wash out the waste merchandises in the musculuss like lactic acid. Decrease in the hazard of musculus tenderness ( Sports hurt clinic, 2009 ) .. Sports massage Regular athleticss massage favours in washout the waste merchandises like lactic acid from musculuss and tight knots, balls in the musculuss can let go of. Hence, if untreated causes strain and tear to the musculuss of pollex ( Sports hurt clinic, 2009 ) ..Protective equipments A assortment of protective equipment and vesture are available specific to the athletics of rugger. Many companies are involved in the design and production of protective equipments. Even though there are many advantages of the equipment, contention still exits ( Gerrard, 1998 ) . Straping and taping Leuko strap- Strapping plays a major function in back uping the articulations during the unsmooth athleticss activities. It even provides compaction, support and rational control to stabilise the injured articulation and ligaments of pollex. It restricts the joint scope of gestures beyond its scope. In which, hurt would be prevented in thumb articulation ( Gerrard, 1998 ) . Long drama support- Wraps gives uninterrupted support to the joint through out the drama. It is made of elastic and cross nylon fibers. It gives excess strength and controlled compaction to the articulations ( Gerrard, 1998 ) . Advantages Protect the recent hurt. Braces can non model to suit a peculiar articulation than a tape is able to cover ( Gerrard, 1998 ) . Practical guidelines A trained individual should use taping Apply tape after the professional probe. Avoid tapping in hapless blood circulation. Check for allergic reactions in skin prior to tapping. Straping should execute in clean and dry country. Avoid strapping over unfastened lesion ( Gerrard, 1998 ) . Braces Long drama support braces- it keeps the pollex joint warm and keep proper circulation. It minimizes the opportunity of hurt and prevents supplanting of articulations. Support brace provides stableness to the pollex articulation. Advantages It is inexpensive and less clip devouring to use. Support the ligament and articulation of the pollex. Players feel comfy to have on ( Albright, et al,1995 ) .

Late Stage Dementia and Nutrition - 785 Words

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